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藤田保健衛生大の英語

読解問題が２題。その中に、語彙力や文法力を問う問題をまじえている。国公立２次レベルの英文を深く勉強して読解力を鍛えたい。 [ 2007　藤田保健衛生大　解答時間　８０分 ]  （時間配分は最後に１０分余るように配分している） 　　 　問題分野　 　問題内容　 　時間配分　 　１ 　読解　 　空所補充・内容一致など 　　３５分 　２ 　読解 　内容を問う設問など 　　３５分 ＊２００７年までの問題を元に記述しています。２００８年の問題を入手後、さらに改定します。

[2.18.2008更新]

過去問演習

典型的な問題を１問解いてみましょう。２００７年の大問１です。 次の英文（７０年余り前に書かれた文章である）を読み、設問に答えなさい。     The question of the origin of life, of its first appearance on Earth, still occupies the human mind, as it has done since ancient times. It may be safely said that it is one of the most important problems of natural history. �@No religious or philosophical system, no outstanding thinker ever failed to give this question serious consideration. During �Adifferent epochs and at different stages of civilization the question was answered differently, but this question was always the focal point of a sharp philosophical struggle which reflected the underlying struggle of social classes. For a very long time the question of the origin of life was treated not as a subject of scientific research but entirely from the point of view of religio-philosphical concepts. The ancient religious teachings of China, Egypt, Babylon traced the origin of life to various traditions and legends, and �Binvariably attributed the appearance of life to some creative act of God. But we will not concern ourselves with these theories and shall consider only very briefly those philosophical systems which, though no longer of any significance so far as our modern approach to this problem is concerned, have a purely historical interest. E. Lippmann in a recent book presents a fairly complete survey of all the theories of the origin of life, from ancient times to the beginning of the twentieth century, and we refer to this book the reader who is interested in �Cthis aspect of the problem. Here we shall sketch only the essential landmarks of the history of our problem. (以下略） 注： focal point: 焦点　　 問１　下線部�@を自然な日本語にかえなさい。 問２　下線部�Aの‘different’に置き換えるとすれば次のどれが最も適当か。番号で答えなさい。 　　　(1)  another      (2)  mismatched  (3)  other    (4)  unusual   (5)  various 問３　下線部�Bの‘invariably’に置き換えるとすれば次のどれが最も適当か。番号で答えなさい。 　　　(1)  frequently      (2)  never  (3)  uselessly    (4)  variously  (5)  without exception 問４ 下線部�Cの‘this aspect of the problem’は，ここでは何のことを指しているか。日本語で答えなさい。 　　　（以下略）

[2.18.2008更新]

過去問演習・解説

問１ No religious or philosophical system, no outstanding thinker ever failed to give this question serious consideration. 「宗教体系や哲学体系で、また傑出した思想家で、この問題を真剣に考えなかったものはない」 「どの宗教体系や哲学体系、また傑出した思想家は、この問題を必ず真剣に考えた」 ポイントは３つ。 １）主語にnoがついているので、全体は「．．．はいない」という訳しかたになる。 ２）fail to−「−しない」 ３）give A consideration 「Ａに考慮を与える」つまり「Ａを考慮する」となる。 問２・問３ different「様々な」＝ (5)various　　　invariably「変わることなく、いつも」= (5)  without exception 問４ 英文の中では、同じ語が、代名詞になったり、表現を変えたりしながら繰り返し現れる。 この文では、出だしの The question of the orgin of life（生命の起源という問題）が、形を変えて何度も現れている。（赤字で示した部分）   The question of the origin of life, of its first appearance on Earth, still occupies the human mind, as it has done since ancient times. It may be safely said that it is one of the most important problems of natural history. No religious or philosophical system, no outstanding thinker ever failed to give this question serious consideration. During different epochs and at different stages of civilization the question was answered differently, but this question was always the focal point of a sharp philosophical struggle which reflected the underlying struggle of social classes. For a very long time the question of the origin of life was treated not as a subject of scientific research but entirely from the point of view of religio-philosphical concepts. The ancient religious teachings of China, Egypt, Babylon traced the origin of life to various traditions and legends, and invariably attributed the appearance of life to some creative act of God. But we will not concern ourselves with these theories and shall consider only very briefly those philosophical systems which, though no longer of any significance so far as our modern approach to this problem is concerned, have a purely historical interest. E. Lippmann in a recent book presents a fairly complete survey of all the theories of the origin of life , from ancient times to the beginning of the twentieth century, and we refer to this book the reader who is interested in this aspect of the problem. Here we shall sketch only the essential landmarks of the history of our problem . this asepct of the problem （その問題のこうした側面）とは、all the theories of the origin of life（青字部分）だと気づけばよい。そうすれば、これはthose philosophical systems（青字部分）と同じなので、「生命の起源に関する哲学的考察の歴史」とまとめることができる。

[2.18.2008更新]

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