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自治医科大の英語

それほど長くない読解問題が３題で、いずれもマーク式、小問数は２５問である。各大問を１５分程度で処理できるよう、戻り読みをしなくていい程度の速読力が必要だ。文章の難易度は、センターレベルを少し上回る程度なので、満点を取りたい。特に自治医科大の対策と呼べるものはなく、他大学の対策をする中で実力を向上させていけばよいだろう。 [ 2008　自治医科大　解答時間　６０分 ]  （時間配分は最後に１５分余るように配分している） 　　 　問題分野　 　問題内容　 　時間配分　 　１ 　読解　 　語句・内容一致など 　１５分 　２ 　読解　 　語句・内容一致など 　１５分 　３ 　読解 　語句・内容一致など 　1５分

[8.18.2008更新]

過去問演習

典型的な問題を１問解いてみましょう。２００７年の大問１です。 次の英文を読み，１〜８の問題に最も適した答えを選べ。   Mechanical pumps have been in use for over 2,000 years to move *fluids from point “A” to point “B.” There are even records of the Greeks having used water pumps in 200 BC. *Archimedes developed a type of screw pump for *irrigation and pumps were commonly used for raising water from wells. Pumps today work on the same principle as pumps did long ago. And if the pump breaks down, we simply replace the broken part — or even the whole pump. Although pumps have a long history, there is one pump which has been in existence since the beginning of mankind: the human heart.    This wonderful organ is basically a powerful muscle which sends *oxygen-rich blood through all parts of the body. Blood contains oxygen and nutrients that every cell in the body needs to survive. The heart beats about 100,000 times per day. In that time, it pumps more than 1,136 liters of blood throughout the entire body. The heart is a pump in constant use.   When the valves of a mechanical pump become *clogged or break down, they are repaired or replaced. Similarly, when heart valves *deteriorate, they too are replaced. But the first heart valve operation did not take place until the 1950s, when the heart-lung machine was developed. The first heart transplant or pump (1)       did not take place until 1967. Unlike mechanical pump repair, heart repair is a recent development.   *fluid  液体　　　*Archimedes  アルキメデス　*irrigation  灌漑　　*oxygen-rich  酸素を豊富に含む *clog  詰まる　　*deteriorate  悪化する　　*superstitious  迷信的な　          *implantation  移植 *wear out  使い古す　　  *regenerate  再生する　　*tissue  組織 本文の論旨に最も適したものを選べ 1. According to the article, a major difference between a mechanical pump and the heart is that A. a mechanical pump breaks down more frequently than the heart B. a mechanical pump was used for irrigation C. the function of heart valves is more complex D. the heart has a longer history than the mechanical pump ４. 最初のパラグラフで筆者が示唆していることを一つ選べ。 A. Mechanical pumps and the heart have a similar history. B. Both mechanical pumps and the heart stimulate the movement of liquids from point A to point B. C. It has always been possible to repair a damaged pump and a damaged heart by providing replacement parts. D. The function of a mechanical pump and the heart is quite different. ６. 空所(1)に入る最も適切な語を選べ。 A. alternative　B. substitute　C. development　D. replacement

[3.16.2008更新]

過去問演習・解説

Mechanical pumps have been in use for over 2,000 years to move *fluids from point “A” to point “B.” There are even records of the Greeks having used water pumps in 200 BC. *Archimedes developed a type of screw pump for *irrigation and pumps were commonly used for raising water from wells. Pumps today work on the same principle as pumps did long ago. And if the pump breaks down, we simply replace the broken part — or even the whole pump. �@Although pumps have a long history, there is one pump which has been in existence since the beginning of mankind: the human heart.    This wonderful organ is basically a powerful muscle which sends *oxygen-rich blood through all parts of the body. Blood contains oxygen and nutrients that every cell in the body needs to survive. The heart beats about 100,000 times per day. In that time, it pumps more than 1,136 liters of blood throughout the entire body. The heart is a pump in constant use.   When the valves of a mechanical pump become *clogged or break down, they are repaired or replaced. Similarly, when heart valves *deteriorate, they too are replaced. But the first heart valve operation did not take place until the 1950s, when the heart-lung machine was developed. The first heart transplant or pump (1)       did not take place until 1967. Unlike mechanical pump repair, heart repair is a recent development.  １　正解はＤ。　　上の�@に、「ポンプには長い歴史があるが、人類が始まってからずっと存在するポンプがある。それは人間の心臓である」と書かれている。 ４　消去法でいこう。ＣとＤがすぐ消去できる。また、Ａは、問１の答と矛盾する。よって正解はＢ。 ６　正解はＤ。replacement 「交換」　ここは、heart transplant　と pump replacement が、「言い換え」のorで結ばれている。

[3.16.2008更新]

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